FEBRUARY
02.09
2月9日 · 星期一
今天,历史发生过什么?
1825.02.09:一场没有赢家的选举,如何改写美国政治规则
1824年大选,四位候选人无人赢得过半选举人票,僵局被推给众议院。1825年2月9日,约翰·昆西·亚当斯在政治交易与争议声中当选总统。这场选举暴露了选举人团制度的裂缝,也催生了“腐败交易”的指控,从此美国政治进入更激烈的党派博弈时代。今天回望,它提醒我们:民主制度从不完美,却在每一次危机中自我修正。
僵局之后,规则重塑。
2月9日大事记
按时间排序,共 30 件
- 474
Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
Zeno (emperor)Byzantine Empire
- 951
The Northern Han Kingdom is founded by Liu Chong in modern-day Shanxi.
Northern HanLiu ChongShanxi
- 1555
Bishop of Gloucester John Hooper is burned at the stake.
Bishop of GloucesterJohn Hooper (bishop)Burned at the stake
- 1621
Gregory XV becomes Pope, the last Pope elected by acclamation.
Pope Gregory XVPopePapal electionAcclamation
- 1654
The Capture of Fort Rocher takes place during the Anglo-Spanish War.
Capture of Fort RocherAnglo-Spanish War (1654-60)
- 1775
American Revolutionary War: The British Parliament declares Massachusetts in rebellion.
American Revolutionary WarParliament of Great BritainMassachusetts
- 1788
The Habsburg Empire joins the Russo-Turkish War in the Russian camp.
Habsburg MonarchyRusso-Turkish War (1787-92)Imperial Russia
- 1825
After no candidate receives a majority of electoral votes in the US presidential election of 1824, the United States House of Representatives elects John Quincy Adams as President of the United States.
U.S. Electoral CollegeUnited States presidential election, 1824United States House of RepresentativesJohn Quincy Adams
- 1849
The new Roman Republic is declared.
Roman Republic (19th century)
- 1861
American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is elected the Provisional President of the Confederate States of America by the Confederate convention at Montgomery, Alabama.
American Civil WarJefferson DavisConfederate States of AmericaMontgomery ConventionMontgomery, Alabama
- 1870
US president Ulysses S. Grant signs a joint resolution of Congress establishing the U.S. Weather Bureau.
Ulysses S. GrantJoint resolutionUnited States CongressU.S. Weather Bureau
- 1889
US president Grover Cleveland signs a bill elevating the United States Department of Agriculture to a Cabinet-level agency.
Grover ClevelandUnited States Department of AgricultureUnited States Cabinet
- 1895
William G. Morgan creates a game called Mintonette, which soon comes to be referred to as volleyball.
William G. MorganVolleyball
- 1900
The Davis Cup competition is established.
Davis Cup
- 1904
Russo-Japanese War: Battle of Port Arthur concludes.
Russo-Japanese WarBattle of Port Arthur
- 1913
A group of meteors is visible across much of the eastern seaboard of North and South America, leading astronomers to conclude the source had been a small, short-lived natural satellite of the Earth.
MeteorMeteor procession of February 9, 1913Natural satellite
- 1920
Under the terms of the Svalbard Treaty, international diplomacy recognizes Norwegian sovereignty over Arctic archipelago Svalbard, and designates it as demilitarized.
Svalbard TreatySvalbardDemilitarized
- 1922
Brazil becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
BrazilBerne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic WorksCopyright
- 1934
The Balkan Entente is formed.
Balkan Entente
- 1941
World War II: The Cathedral of San Lorenzo in Genoa, Italy is struck by a bomb which fails to detonate.
World War IICathedral of San LorenzoGenoa
- 1942
World War II: Top United States military leaders hold their first formal meeting to discuss American military strategy in the war.
World War II
- 1942
Year-round Daylight saving time is re-instated in the United States as a wartime measure to help conserve energy resources.
Daylight saving time
- 1943
World War II: Allied authorities declare Guadalcanal secure after Imperial Japan evacuates its remaining forces from the island, ending the Battle of Guadalcanal.
Allies of World War IIGuadalcanal (Pacific Ocean island)Empire of JapanBattle of Guadalcanal
- 1945
World War II: Battle of the Atlantic: HMS Venturer sinks U-864 off the coast of Fedje, Norway, in a rare instance of submarine-to-submarine combat.
Battle of the AtlanticHMS Venturer (P68)Action of 9 February 1945U-864Fedje
- 1945
World War II: A force of Allied aircraft unsuccessfully attacked a German destroyer in Førdefjorden, Norway.
Allies of World War IIBlack Friday (1945)Nazi GermanyFørdefjorden
- 1950
Second Red Scare: US Senator Joseph McCarthy accuses the United States Department of State of being filled with Communists.
Second Red ScareUnited States SenateJoseph McCarthyUnited States Department of StateCommunism
- 1951
Korean War: Geochang massacre
Korean WarGeochang massacre
- 1959
The R-7 Semyorka, the first intercontinental ballistic missile, becomes operational at Plesetsk, USSR.
R-7 SemyorkaIntercontinental ballistic missilePlesetskSoviet Union
- 1964
The Beatles make their first appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show, performing before a "record-busting" audience of 73 million viewers across the USA.
The BeatlesThe Ed Sullivan Show
- 1965
The United States Marine Corps sends a MIM-23 Hawk missile battalion to South Vietnam, the first American troops in-country without an official advisory or training mission.
United States Marine CorpsMIM-23 HawkSouth Vietnam
2月9日出生的名人
- P
1060 · Honorius II, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1130)
- L
1274 · Louis of Toulouse, French bishop (d. 1297)
- M
1313 · Maria of Portugal, Portuguese infanta (d. 1357)
- M
1344 · Meinhard III, count of Tyrol (d. 1363)
- A
1441 · Ali-Shir Nava'i, Turkish poet, linguist, and painter (d. 1501)
- S
1533 · Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese daimyo (d. 1611)
- J
1579 · Johannes Meursius, Dutch classic scholar (d. 1639)
- P
1651 · Procopio Cutò, French entrepreneur (d. 1727)
- G
1666 · George Hamilton, 1st Earl of Orkney, Scottish field marshal (d. 1737)
- L
1711 · Luis Vicente de Velasco e Isla, Spanish sailor and commander (d. 1762)
- T
1737 · Thomas Paine, English-American philosopher, author, and activist (d. 1809)
- H
1741 · Henri-Joseph Rigel, German-French composer (d. 1799)
2月9日逝世的名人
- O
966 · Ono no Michikaze, Japanese calligrapher (b. 894)
- S
967 · Sayf al-Dawla, emir of Aleppo (b. 916)
- B
1011 · Bernard I, Duke of Saxony
- Y
1014 · Yang Yanzhao, Chinese general
- E
1135 · Tai Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 1075)
- M
1199 · Minamoto no Yoritomo, Japanese shogun (b. 1147)
- M
1251 · Matthias II, duke of Lorraine
- W
1407 · William I, margrave of Meissen (b. 1343)
- A
1450 · Agnès Sorel, French mistress of Charles VII of France (b. 1421)
- J
1555 · John Hooper, English bishop and martyr (b. 1495)
- R
1555 · Rowland Taylor, English priest and martyr (b. 1510)
- Á
1588 · Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, Spanish admiral (b. 1526)
