Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.

Publius Valerius PublicolaRoman triumphRoman RepublicLucius Tarquinius SuperbusBattle of Silva Arsia

Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army, enters Athens, removing the tyrant Aristion who was supported by troops of Mithridates VI of Pontus ending the Siege of Athens and Piraeus.

Lucius Cornelius SullaRoman RepublicAthensTyrantAristion

Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars. This is considered the beginning of the Tetrarchy, known as the Quattuor Principes Mundi ("Four Rulers of the World").

DiocletianMaximianConstantius ChlorusGaleriusCaesar (title)

Crispus and Constantine II, sons of Roman Emperor Constantine I, and Licinius Iunior, son of Emperor Licinius, are made Caesares.

CrispusConstantine II (emperor)Roman EmperorConstantine ILicinius

Vetranio is asked by Constantina, sister of Constantius II, to proclaim himself Caesar.

VetranioConstantinaConstantius II

Emperor Louis the Pious is restored as sole ruler of the Frankish Empire. After his re-accession to the throne, his eldest son Lothair I flees to Burgundy.

Louis the PiousFranciaLothair IBurgundy

The Unitas Fratrum is established in the village of Kunvald, on the Bohemian-Moravian borderland. It is to date the second oldest Protestant denomination.

Unitas Fratrum

Forces of the Catholic Monarchs engage the combined Portuguese-Castilian armies of Afonso V and Prince John at the Battle of Toro.

Catholic MonarchsAfonso V of PortugalJohn II of PortugalBattle of Toro

Sixty-three Huguenots are massacred in Wassy, France, marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.

HuguenotMassacre of WassyFrench Wars of Religion

The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded.

Rio de Janeiro

Writs issued in February by Charles I of England mandate that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date.

Charles I of EnglandShip tax

Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France on behalf of Cardinal Richelieu.

Samuel de ChamplainNew FranceCardinal Richelieu

Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine), becomes the first incorporated city in the United States.

MassachusettsYork, Maine

Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and Tituba are brought before local magistrates in Salem Village, Massachusetts, beginning what would become known as the Salem witch trials.

Sarah GoodSarah OsborneTitubaDanvers, MassachusettsSalem witch trials

Sweden introduces its own Swedish calendar, in an attempt to gradually merge into the Gregorian calendar, reverts to the Julian calendar on this date in 1712, and introduces the Gregorian calendar on this date in 1753.

Swedish calendarGregorian calendarJulian calendar17121753

The siege and destruction of Fort Neoheroka begins during the Tuscarora War in North Carolina, effectively opening up the colony's interior to European colonization.

Fort NeoherokaTuscarora WarNorth Carolina

The Continental Congress adopts the Articles of Confederation.

Continental CongressArticles of Confederation

The first United States census is authorized.

United States Census Bureau

French Revolutionary War: Battle of Aldenhoven during the Flanders Campaign.

French Revolutionary WarBattle of Aldenhoven (1793)Flanders Campaign

The Dutch East India Company is nationalized by the Batavian Republic.

Dutch East India CompanyBatavian Republic

Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial by the U.S. Senate.

Samuel ChaseImpeachmentU.S. Senate

Leaders of the Mamluk dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali.

MamlukEgyptMuhammad Ali of Egypt

Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on Elba, start of the Hundred Days.

NapoleonElbaHundred Days

Georgetown University's congressional charter is signed into law by President James Madison.

Georgetown UniversityCongressional charterJames Madison

A convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.

Convention of 1836TexasWashington-on-the-Brazos, Texas

United States President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.

John TylerRepublic of Texas

Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton, is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of EglintonLord Lieutenant of Ireland

German psychologist Friedrich Eduard Beneke disappears; two years later his remains are found in a canal near Charlottenburg.

Friedrich Eduard BenekeCharlottenburg

Nebraska becomes the 37th U.S. state; Lancaster, Nebraska is renamed Lincoln and becomes the state capital.

NebraskaU.S. stateNebraskaLincoln, Nebraska

The Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity is founded at the University of Virginia.

Pi Kappa AlphaUniversity of Virginia