Emperor Elagabalus is assassinated, along with his mother, Julia Soaemias, by the Praetorian Guard during a revolt. Their mutilated bodies are dragged through the streets of Rome before being thrown into the Tiber.

ElagabalusAssassinationJulia SoaemiasPraetorian GuardRebellion

Battle of Castagnaro: English condottiero Sir John Hawkwood leads Padova to victory in a factional clash with Verona.

Battle of CastagnaroCondottieroJohn HawkwoodPaduaVerona

Guaraní forces living in the Jesuit reductions defeat bandeirantes loyal to the Portuguese Empire at the Battle of Mbororé in present-day Panambí, Argentina.

Guaraní peopleJesuit reductionBandeirantesPortuguese EmpireBattle of Mbororé

The Frondeurs and the French sign the Peace of Rueil.

FrondeursPeace of Rueil

The Daily Courant, England's first national daily newspaper is published for the first time.

The Daily Courant

Queen Anne withholds Royal Assent from the Scottish Militia Bill, the last time a British monarch vetoes legislation.

Anne, Queen of Great BritainRoyal AssentScottish Militia BillKingdom of Great Britain

The signing of the Treaty of Mangalore brings the Second Anglo-Mysore War to an end.

Treaty of MangaloreSecond Anglo-Mysore War

During André Masséna's retreat from the Lines of Torres Vedras, a division led by French Marshal Michel Ney fights off a combined Anglo-Portuguese force to give Masséna time to escape.

André MassénaLines of Torres VedrasMarshal of FranceMichel NeyBattle of Pombal

The United States Department of War creates the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

United States Department of WarBureau of Indian Affairs

Flagstaff War: Unhappy with translational differences regarding the Treaty of Waitangi, chiefs Hone Heke, Kawiti and Māori tribe members chop down the British flagpole for a fourth time and drive settlers out of Kororareka, New Zealand.

Flagstaff WarTreaty of WaitangiHone HekeKawitiMāori people

Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine and Robert Baldwin become the first Prime Ministers of the Province of Canada to be democratically elected under a system of responsible government.

Louis-Hippolyte LafontaineRobert BaldwinProvince of CanadaResponsible government

The first performance of Rigoletto by Giuseppe Verdi takes place in Venice.

RigolettoGiuseppe VerdiVenice

American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.

American Civil WarConfederate States Constitution

The Great Sheffield Flood kills 238 people in Sheffield, England.

Great Sheffield FloodSheffield

Construction of the Seven Sisters Colliery, South Wales, begins; located on one of the richest coal sources in Britain.

Seven Sisters CollierySouth Wales

Shō Tai formally abdicated his position of King of Ryūkyū, under orders from Tokyo, ending the Ryukyu Kingdom.

Shō TaiRyukyu Kingdom

The Great Blizzard of 1888 begins along the eastern seaboard of the United States, shutting down commerce and killing more than 400.

Great Blizzard of 1888

World War I: Mesopotamian campaign: Baghdad falls to Anglo-Indian forces commanded by General Stanley Maude.

World War IMesopotamian campaignFall of Baghdad (1917)Anglo-IndianFrederick Stanley Maude

The first case of Spanish flu occurs, the start of a devastating worldwide pandemic.

1918 flu pandemic

In New York City, Samuel Roxy Rothafel opens the Roxy Theatre.

Samuel Roxy RothafelRoxy Theatre (New York City)

Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR, abbreviated as GTO, is introduced in the Soviet Union.

Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSRSoviet Union

World War II: United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act into law, allowing American-built war supplies to be shipped to the Allies on loan.

World War IIFranklin D. RooseveltLend-LeaseAllies of World War II

World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy attempts a large-scale kamikaze attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet anchored at Ulithi atoll in Operation Tan No. 2.

Imperial Japanese NavyKamikazeUnited States Pacific FleetUlithiOperation Tan No. 2

World War II: The Empire of Vietnam, a short-lived Japanese puppet state, is established with Bảo Đại as its ruler.

Empire of VietnamPuppet stateBảo Đại

Rudolf Höss, the first commandant of Auschwitz concentration camp, is captured by British troops.

Rudolf HössAuschwitz concentration camp

Vietnam War: North Vietnamese and Viet Cong guerrilla forces establish control over Buôn Ma Thuột commune from the South Vietnamese army.

Vietnam WarNorth VietnamViet CongBattle of Ban Me ThuotBuôn Ma Thuột

The 1977 Hanafi Siege: More than 130 hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims are set free after ambassadors from three Islamic nations join negotiations.

1977 Hanafi SiegeHanafiIslam

Coastal Road massacre: At least 37 are killed and more than 70 are wounded when Fatah hijack an Israeli bus, prompting Israel's Operation Litani.

Coastal Road massacreFatahOperation Litani

Pakistan successfully conducts a cold test of a nuclear weapon.

PakistanProject-706Nuclear cold testNuclear weapon

Lithuania declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.

Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania