Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I as the 23rd pope.

Pope Stephen IPope Lucius IList of popesPope

Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tang dynasty after nearly three hundred years of rule.

Zhu WenEmperor Ai of TangTang dynasty

Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre who is crowned Queen consort of England the same day.

Richard I of EnglandBerengaria of NavarreList of English consorts

Antipope Nicholas V, a claimant to the papacy, is consecrated in Rome by the Bishop of Venice.

Antipope Nicholas VPapacyBishopVenice

Jagiellonian University, the oldest university in Poland, is founded in Kraków, Poland.

Jagiellonian UniversityUniversityKraków

The Prince of Anhua rebellion begins when Zhu Zhifan kills all the officials invited to a banquet and declares his intent on ousting the powerful Ming dynasty eunuch Liu Jin during the reign of the Zhengde Emperor.

Prince of Anhua rebellionZhu ZhifanMing dynastyLiu JinZhengde Emperor

National University of San Marcos, the oldest university in the Americas, is founded in Lima, Peru.

National University of San MarcosAmericasLimaPeru

French Wars of Religion: Henry III of France flees Paris after Henry I, Duke of Guise enters the city and a spontaneous uprising occurs.

French Wars of ReligionHenry III of FranceHenry I, Duke of GuiseDay of the Barricades

London playwright Thomas Kyd is arrested and tortured by the Privy Council for libel.

Thomas Kyd

Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is sentenced to death for high treason.

Johan van OldenbarneveltHigh treason

King William's War: William III of England joins the League of Augsburg starting a war with France.

King William's WarWilliam III of EnglandLeague of Augsburg

Maria Theresa of Austria is crowned Queen of Bohemia after defeating her rival, Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor.

Maria TheresaBohemiaCharles VII, Holy Roman Emperor

American Revolutionary War: In the largest defeat of the Continental Army, Charleston, South Carolina is taken by British forces.

American Revolutionary WarContinental ArmyCharleston, South CarolinaSiege of Charleston

The Treaty of Paris signed on September 3, 1783, takes effect on this date.

Treaty of Paris (1783)

War of the First Coalition: Napoleon I of France conquers Venice.

War of the First CoalitionNapoleon I of FranceVenice

The first major battle of the Greek War of Independence against the Turks is fought in Valtetsi.

Greek War of IndependenceOttoman EmpireBattle of ValtetsiValtetsi

The Donner Party of pioneers departs Independence, Missouri for California, on what will become a year-long journey of hardship and cannibalism.

Donner PartySettlerIndependence, MissouriCaliforniaCannibalism

American Civil War: U.S. federal troops occupy Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

American Civil WarBaton Rouge, Louisiana

American Civil War: Battle of Raymond: Two divisions of James B. McPherson's XVII Corps turn the left wing of Confederate General John C. Pemberton's defensive line on Fourteen Mile Creek, opening up the interior of Mississippi to the Union Army during the Vicksburg Campaign.

American Civil WarBattle of RaymondJames B. McPhersonXVII Corps (Union Army)Confederate States of America

American Civil War: The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House: Thousands of Union and Confederate soldiers die in "the Bloody Angle".

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House

American Civil War: The Battle of Palmito Ranch: The first day of the last major land action to take place during the Civil War, resulting in a Confederate victory.

Battle of Palmito Ranch

The Manitoba Act is given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.

Manitoba ActRoyal AssentManitobaProvince of CanadaJuly 15

In North Africa, Tunisia becomes a French protectorate.

Ottoman TunisiaFrench protectorate of Tunisia

North-West Rebellion: The four-day Battle of Batoche, pitting rebel Métis against the Canadian government, comes to an end with a decisive rebel defeat.

North-West RebellionBattle of BatocheMétis people (Canada)

In Southeast Asia, the North Borneo Chartered Company's territories become the British protectorate of North Borneo.

North Borneo Chartered CompanyBritish protectorateNorth Borneo

The Italian-built airship Norge becomes the first vessel to fly over the North Pole.

Norge (airship)

Ten weeks after his abduction, the infant son of Charles Lindbergh, Charles Jr., is found dead in Hopewell, New Jersey, just a few miles from the Lindberghs' home.

Lindbergh kidnappingCharles LindberghHopewell, New Jersey

The Agricultural Adjustment Act is enacted to restrict agricultural production by paying farmers subsidies.

Agricultural Adjustment ActSubsidy

The Duke and Duchess of York are crowned as King George VI and Queen Elizabeth of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in Westminster Abbey.

George VIQueen Elizabeth The Queen MotherUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Konrad Zuse presents the Z3, the world's first working programmable, fully automatic computer, in Berlin.

Konrad ZuseZ3 (computer)