Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège.

EraclusBishop of Liège

Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin-Song Wars.

Song dynastyYue FeiJin dynasty (1115-1234)WuzhuBattle of Yancheng

Minamoto no Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the de facto ruler of Japan. (Traditional Japanese date: July 12, 1192)

Minamoto no YoritomoShogunDe factoJapanese calendar

King Stefan Uroš III, after months of anarchy, surrenders to his son and rival Stefan Dušan, who succeeds as King of Serbia.

Stefan DečanskiSerbian civil war of 1331Stefan DušanKingdom of Serbia (medieval)

Henry the Navigator leads Portuguese forces to victory over the Marinids at the Battle of Ceuta.

Henry the NavigatorBattle of Ceuta

Pueblo Indians capture Santa Fe from the Spanish during the Pueblo Revolt.

Puebloan peoplesSanta Fe, New MexicoPueblo Revolt

The Battle of Dunkeld in Scotland.

Battle of Dunkeld

James Cook formally claims eastern Australia for Great Britain, naming it New South Wales.

James CookKingdom of Great BritainNew South Wales

King Gustav III completes his coup d'état by adopting a new Constitution, ending half a century of parliamentary rule in Sweden and installing himself as an enlightened despot.

Gustav III of SwedenCoup d'étatSwedish Constitution of 1772Age of LibertyEnlightened absolutism

American Revolutionary War: British forces begin besieging the French outpost at Pondichéry.

American Revolutionary WarSiege of Pondicherry (1778)Puducherry

A Vodou ceremony, led by Dutty Boukman, turns into a violent slave rebellion, beginning the Haitian Revolution.

Bois CaïmanDutty BoukmanHaitian Revolution

Battle of Vimeiro: British and Portuguese forces led by General Arthur Wellesley defeat French force under Major-General Jean-Andoche Junot near the village of Vimeiro, Portugal, the first Anglo-Portuguese victory of the Peninsular War.

Battle of VimeiroUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandPortuguese peopleArthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of WellingtonFrench Armed Forces

Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France, is elected Crown Prince of Sweden by the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates.

Charles XIV John of SwedenMarshal of FranceCrown princeRiksdag of the Estates

Jarvis Island is discovered by the crew of the ship, Eliza Frances.

Jarvis Island

Nat Turner leads black slaves and free blacks in a rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, which will claim the lives of 55 to 65 whites.

Nat TurnerSouthampton County, Virginia

Tlingit Indians destroy Fort Selkirk, Yukon Territory.

TlingitFort SelkirkYukon Territory

Lawrence, Kansas is destroyed by pro-Confederate guerrillas known as Quantrill's Raiders.

Lawrence, KansasConfederate States of AmericaQuantrill's Raiders

An F5 tornado strikes Rochester, Minnesota, leading to the creation of the Mayo Clinic.

1883 Rochester tornadoRochester, MinnesotaMayo Clinic

The first successful adding machine in the United States is patented by William Seward Burroughs.

Adding machineWilliam Seward Burroughs I

Oldsmobile, a brand of American automobiles, is founded.

Oldsmobile

Six hundred American school teachers, Thomasites, arrived in Manila on the USAT Thomas.

ThomasitesManilaUSAT Thomas

The Mona Lisa is stolen by Vincenzo Perugia, a Louvre employee.

Mona LisaArt theftVincenzo PerugiaMusée du Louvre

World War I: The Battle of Charleroi, a successful German attack across the River Sambre that pre-empted a French offensive in the same area.

World War IBattle of CharleroiSambre

World War I: The Second Battle of the Somme begins.

Second Battle of the Somme (1918)

World War II: The flag of Nazi Germany is planted atop Mount Elbrus, the highest peak of the Caucasus mountain range.

World War IINazi GermanyMount ElbrusCaucasus Mountains

World War II: The Guadalcanal Campaign: American forces defeat an attack by Imperial Japanese Army soldiers in the Battle of the Tenaru.

Guadalcanal CampaignImperial Japanese ArmyBattle of the Tenaru

Dumbarton Oaks Conference, prelude to the United Nations, begins.

Dumbarton Oaks ConferenceUnited Nations

World War II: Canadian and Polish units capture the strategically important town of Falaise, Calvados, France.

Operation TractableFalaise, Calvados

Physicist Harry Daghlian is fatally irradiated in a criticality accident during an experiment with the Demon core at Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Harry DaghlianCriticality accidentDemon coreLos Alamos National Laboratory

The Soviet Union successfully conducts a long-range test flight of the R-7 Semyorka, the first intercontinental ballistic missile.

Soviet UnionR-7 SemyorkaIntercontinental ballistic missile