JANUARY
01.14
1月14日 · 星期三
今天,历史发生过什么?
1639.01.14:一份文件如何为民主写下第一行
康涅狄格的冬夜,殖民地居民聚在一起,不是为取暖,而是为一纸约定。他们写下的《基本法令》,让政府权力第一次建立在成文宪法之上,而非君主意志或遥远议会。这看似朴素的自治实验,却悄然埋下现代立宪精神的种子。今天回望,它提醒我们:民主的根基,往往始于一群人愿意以白纸黑字约束自己。
文字成约,权力从此有界。
1月14日大事记
按时间排序,共 30 件
- 1301
Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary.
Andrew III of HungaryÁrpád dynasty
- 1343
Arnošt of Pardubice becomes the last bishop of Prague and, subsequently, the first Archbishop of Prague.
Arnošt of PardubiceList of bishops and archbishops of Prague
- 1539
Spain annexes Cuba.
Cuba
- 1639
The "Fundamental Orders", the first written constitution that created a government, is adopted in Connecticut.
Fundamental Orders of ConnecticutConstitutionForms of governmentConnecticut
- 1761
The Third Battle of Panipat is fought in India between the Afghans under Ahmad Shah Durrani and the Marathas.
Third Battle of PanipatAfghanistanAhmad Shah Durrani
- 1784
American Revolutionary War: Ratification Day, United States - Congress ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Britain.
American Revolutionary WarRatification Day (United States)Treaty of Paris (1783)Kingdom of Great Britain
- 1814
Treaty of Kiel: Frederick VI of Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden in return for Pomerania.
Treaty of KielFrederick VI of DenmarkPomerania
- 1822
Greek War of Independence: Acrocorinth is captured by Theodoros Kolokotronis and Demetrios Ypsilantis.
Greek War of IndependenceAcrocorinthTheodoros KolokotronisDemetrios Ypsilantis
- 1858
Napoleon III of France escapes an assassination attempt.
Napoleon III
- 1907
An earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica kills more than 1,000 people.
1907 Kingston earthquake
- 1911
Roald Amundsen's South Pole expedition makes landfall on the eastern edge of the Ross Ice Shelf.
Roald AmundsenAmundsen's South Pole expeditionRoss Ice Shelf
- 1938
Norway claims Queen Maud Land in Antarctica.
Queen Maud Land
- 1943
World War II: Japan begins Operation Ke, the successful operation to evacuate its forces from Guadalcanal during the Guadalcanal Campaign.
World War IIOperation KeGuadalcanalGuadalcanal Campaign
- 1943
World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill begin the Casablanca Conference to discuss strategy and study the next phase of the war.
Franklin D. RooseveltWinston ChurchillCasablanca Conference
- 1943
World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to travel by airplane while in office when he travels from Miami to Morocco to meet with Winston Churchill.
President of the United StatesAirplaneMiamiMorocco
- 1950
The first prototype of the MiG-17 makes its maiden flight.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17
- 1952
NBC's long-running morning news program Today debuts, with host Dave Garroway.
Today (U.S. TV program)Dave Garroway
- 1953
Josip Broz Tito is inaugurated as the first President of Yugoslavia.
Josip Broz TitoList of heads of state of Yugoslavia
- 1954
The Hudson Motor Car Company merges with Nash-Kelvinator Corporation forming the American Motors Corporation.
Hudson Motor Car CompanyNash-KelvinatorAmerican Motors
- 1957
Kripalu Maharaj was named fifth Jagadguru (world teacher) after giving seven days of speeches before 500 Hindu scholars.
Kripalu MaharajJagadguru
- 1960
The Reserve Bank of Australia, the country's central bank and banknote issuing authority, is established.
Reserve Bank of AustraliaCentral bankBanknote
- 1967
Counterculture of the 1960s: The Human Be-In takes place in San Francisco, California's Golden Gate Park, launching the Summer of Love.
Counterculture of the 1960sHuman Be-InSan FranciscoGolden Gate ParkSummer of Love
- 1969
An accidental explosion aboard the USS Enterprise near Hawaii kills 27 people.
USS Enterprise (CVN-65)
- 1972
Queen Margrethe II of Denmark ascends the throne, the first Queen of Denmark since 1412 and the first Danish monarch not named Frederick or Christian since 1513.
Margrethe II of Denmark
- 1973
Elvis Presley's concert Aloha from Hawaii is broadcast live via satellite, and sets the record as the most watched broadcast by an individual entertainer in television history.
Elvis PresleyAloha from HawaiiCommunications satelliteList of most watched television broadcasts
- 1993
In Poland's worst peacetime maritime disaster, ferry MS Jan Heweliusz sinks off the coast of Rügen, drowning 55 passengers and crew; nine crew-members are saved.
MS Jan HeweliuszRügen
- 2000
A United Nations tribunal sentences five Bosnian Croats to up to 25 years in prison for the 1993 killing of more than 100 Bosnian Muslims.
United NationsCroats of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- 2004
The national flag of the Republic of Georgia, the so-called "five cross flag", is restored to official use after a hiatus of some 500 years.
Georgia (country)Flag of Georgia (country)
- 2010
Yemen declares an open war against the terrorist group al-Qaeda.
Al-Qaeda insurgency in YemenAl-Qaeda
- 2011
Former president of Tunisia, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali flees his country to Saudi Arabia after a series of street demonstrations against his regime and corrupt policies, asking for freedom, rights and democracy, considered as the anniversary of the Tunisian Revolution and the birth of the Arab Spring.
TunisiaZine El Abidine Ben AliSaudi ArabiaTunisian RevolutionArab Spring
1月14日出生的名人
- V
1131 · Valdemar I of Denmark (d. 1182)
- J
1273 · Joan I of Navarre, queen regnant of Navarre, queen consort of France (d. 1305)
- F
1451 · Franchinus Gaffurius, Italian composer and theorist (d. 1522)
- A
1476 · Anne St Leger, Baroness de Ros, English baroness (d. 1526)
- H
1477 · Hermann of Wied, German archbishop (d. 1552)
- C
1507 · Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal (d. 1578)
- L
1507 · Luca Longhi, Italian painter (d. 1580)
- A
1551 · Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, Grand vizier of emperor Akbar (d. 1602)
- A
1552 · Alberico Gentili, Italian-English academic and jurist (d. 1608)
- J
1615 · John Biddle, English minister and theologian (d. 1662)
- G
1683 · Gottfried Silbermann, German instrument maker (d. 1753)
- J
1684 · Johann Matthias Hase, German mathematician, astronomer, and cartographer (d. 1742)
1月14日逝世的名人
- C
769 · Cui Huan, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- W
927 · Wang Yanhan, king of Min (Ten Kingdoms)
- Z
937 · Zhang Yanlang, Chinese official
- V
1092 · Vratislaus II of Bohemia
- L
1163 · Ladislaus II of Hungary (b. 1131)
- S
1236 · Saint Sava, Serbian archbishop and saint (b. 1175)
- A
1301 · Andrew III of Hungary (b. 1265)
- O
1331 · Odoric of Pordenone, Italian priest and explorer (b. 1286)
- T
1465 · Thomas Beckington, English statesman and prelate
- J
1476 · John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk (b. 1444)
- J
1555 · Jacques Dubois, French anatomist (b. 1478)
- T
1640 · Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry, English lawyer, judge, and politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (b. 1578)
