Pope John VIII crowns Charles the Fat, the King of Italy: Holy Roman Emperor

Pope John VIIICharles the FatKing of ItalyHoly Roman Emperor

English forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orléans in the Battle of the Herrings.

John FastolfBattle of the Herrings

Isabella I issued an edict outlawing Islam in the Crown of Castile, forcing virtually all her Muslim subjects to convert to Christianity.

Isabella I of CastileCrown of CastileForced conversions of Muslims in Spain

Vasco da Gama sets sail from Lisbon, Portugal, on his second voyage to India.

Vasco da GamaLisbon4th Portuguese India Armada (Gama, 1502)

Santiago, Chile is founded by Pedro de Valdivia.

SantiagoChilePedro de Valdivia

A year after claiming the throne of England for nine days, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for treason.

Lady Jane Grey

Japanese invasion of Korea: Approximately 3,000 Joseon defenders led by general Kwon Yul successfully repel more than 30,000 Japanese forces in the Siege of Haengju.

Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-98)JoseonKwon YulSiege of Haengju

The Convention Parliament declares that the flight to France in 1688 by James II, the last Roman Catholic British monarch, constitutes an abdication.

Convention Parliament (1689)1688James II of EnglandCatholic ChurchMonarchy of the United Kingdom

Englishman James Oglethorpe founds Georgia, the 13th colony of the Thirteen Colonies, and its first city at Savannah (known as Georgia Day).

James OglethorpeGeorgia (U.S. state)Thirteen ColoniesSavannah, GeorgiaGeorgia Day

Gustav III becomes the King of Sweden.

Gustav III of SwedenMonarchy of Sweden

An Argentine/Chilean patriotic army, after crossing the Andes, defeats Spanish troops on the Battle of Chacabuco.

ArgentinaCrossing of the AndesBattle of Chacabuco

Bernardo O'Higgins formally approves the Chilean Declaration of Independence near Concepción, Chile.

Bernardo O'HigginsChilean Declaration of IndependenceConcepción, Chile

The Creek cede the last of their lands in Georgia to the United States government by the Treaty of Indian Springs, and migrate west.

Muscogee peopleTreaty of Indian Springs (1825)

Ecuador annexes the Galápagos Islands.

EcuadorGalápagos Islands

Edward Hargraves announces he has found gold in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia, starting the Australian gold rushes.

Edward HargravesBathurst, New South WalesAustralian gold rushes

Michigan State University is established.

Michigan State University

Anarchist Émile Henry hurls a bomb into the Cafe Terminus in Paris, killing one person and wounding 20.

AnarchismÉmile Henry (anarchist)

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is founded.

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

New Zealand's worst maritime disaster of the 20th century happens when the SS Penguin, an inter-island ferry, sinks and explodes at the entrance to Wellington Harbour.

SS PenguinFerryWellington Harbour

The Xuantong Emperor, the last Emperor of China, abdicates.

PuyiEmperor of ChinaAbdication

In Washington, D.C., the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place.

Lincoln Memorial

Bolsheviks launch a revolt in Georgia as a preliminary to the Red Army invasion of Georgia.

BolsheviksDemocratic Republic of GeorgiaRed Army invasion of Georgia

George Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue received its premiere in a concert titled "An Experiment in Modern Music", in Aeolian Hall, New York, by Paul Whiteman and his band, with Gershwin playing the piano.

George GershwinRhapsody in BluePaul Whiteman

USS Macon, one of the two largest helium-filled airships ever created, crashes into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California and sinks.

USS Macon (ZRS-5)HeliumAirshipCalifornia

World War II: Operation Deadlight ends after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats.

Operation DeadlightU-boat

African American United States Army veteran Isaac Woodard is severely beaten by a South Carolina police officer to the point where he loses his vision in both eyes. The incident later galvanizes the Civil Rights Movement and partially inspires Orson Welles' film Touch of Evil.

African AmericanIsaac WoodardSouth CarolinaCivil Rights MovementOrson Welles

The largest observed iron meteorite until that time creates an impact crater in Sikhote-Alin, in the Soviet Union.

Sikhote-Alin meteoriteImpact craterSikhote-AlinSoviet Union

Christian Dior unveils a "New Look", helping Paris regain its position as the capital of the fashion world.

Christian DiorChristian Dior S.A.

Lyons's LEO produces a payroll report. It is the first time in history a computer is used in business.

J. Lyons and Co.LEO (computer)

Soviet Union launches Venera 1 towards Venus.

Venera 1Venus