Peloponnesian War: Lysander's Spartan armies defeated the Athenians and the war ends.

Peloponnesian WarLysanderSpartaClassical Athens

The Battle of Bagrevand puts an end to an Armenian rebellion against the Abbasid Caliphate. Muslim control over Transcaucasia is solidified and its Islamization begins, while several major Armenian nakharar families lose power and their remnants flee to the Byzantine Empire.

Battle of BagrevandArmeniansAbbasid CaliphateTranscaucasiaNakharar

After mistreatment and disfigurement by the citizens of Rome, pope Leo III flees to the Frankish court of king Charlemagne at Paderborn for protection.

DisfigurementPope Leo IIIFranciaCharlemagnePaderborn

The name Zagreb was mentioned for the first time in the Felician Charter relating to the establishment of the Zagreb Bishopric around 1094.

Zagreb

Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar.

Eighty Years' WarBattle of Gibraltar (1607)Gibraltar

The Chongzhen Emperor, the last Emperor of Ming dynasty China, commits suicide during a peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng.

Chongzhen EmperorMing dynastyLi Zicheng

A coalition of England, the Netherlands and Portugal is defeated by a Franco-Spanish army at Almansa (Spain) in the War of the Spanish Succession.

Battle of AlmansaWar of the Spanish Succession

Highwayman Nicolas J. Pelletier becomes the first person executed by guillotine.

HighwaymanNicolas Jacques PelletierGuillotine

"La Marseillaise" (the French national anthem) is composed by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle.

La MarseillaiseNational anthemClaude Joseph Rouget de Lisle

The western Georgian kingdom of Imereti accepts the suzerainty of the Russian Empire

Kingdom of ImeretiSuzeraintyRussian Empire

Charles Fremantle arrives in HMS Challenger off the coast of modern-day Western Australia prior to declaring the Swan River Colony for the United Kingdom.

Charles FremantleSwan River Colony

Thornton Affair: Open conflict begins over the disputed border of Texas, triggering the Mexican-American War.

Thornton AffairTexasMexican-American War

The Governor General of Canada, Lord Elgin, signs the Rebellion Losses Bill, outraging Montreal's English population and triggering the Montreal Riots.

Governor General of CanadaJames Bruce, 8th Earl of ElginRebellion Losses BillMontrealEnglish Canadian

British and French engineers break ground for the Suez Canal.

Suez Canal

American Civil War: Forces under U.S. Admiral David Farragut demand the surrender of the Confederate city of New Orleans, Louisiana.

American Civil WarUnion (American Civil War)AdmiralDavid FarragutCapture of New Orleans

American Civil War: The Battle of Marks' Mills.

Battle of Marks' Mills

French and Vietnamese troops clashed in Tonkin, when Commandant Henri Rivière seized the citadel of Hanoi with a small force of marine infantry.

French Third RepublicNguyễn dynastyTonkinHenri Rivière (naval officer)Battle of Hanoi (1882)

Spanish-American War: The United States declares war on Spain.

Spanish-American War

New York becomes the first U.S. state to require automobile license plates.

License plate

World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli begins: The invasion of the Turkish Gallipoli Peninsula by British, French, Indian, Newfoundland, Australian and New Zealand troops, begins with landings at Anzac Cove and Cape Helles.

Battle of GallipoliLanding at Anzac CoveLanding at Cape Helles

Anzac Day is commemorated for the first time on the first anniversary of the landing at ANZAC Cove.

Anzac Day

At the San Remo conference, the principal Allied Powers of World War I adopt a resolution to determine the allocation of Class "A" League of Nations mandates for administration of the former Ottoman-ruled lands of the Middle East.

San Remo conferenceAllies of World War ILeague of Nations mandateOttoman Empire

U.S. Supreme Court delivers its opinion in Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins and overturns a century of federal common law.

U.S. Supreme CourtErie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins

Merkið, the flag of the Faroe Islands is approved by the British occupation government.

MerkiðFaroe IslandsBritish occupation of the Faroe Islands

The United Negro College Fund is incorporated.

United Negro College Fund

Elbe Day: United States and Soviet troops meet in Torgau along the River Elbe, cutting the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany in two.

Elbe DayUnited States Armed ForcesSoviet Armed ForcesTorgauElbe

Liberation Day (Italy): The Nazi occupation army surrenders and leaves Northern Italy after a general partisan insurrection by the Italian resistance movement; the puppet fascist regime dissolves and Benito Mussolini is captured after trying to escape. This day was set as a public holiday to celebrate the Liberation of Italy.

Liberation Day (Italy)Nazi GermanyItalian resistance movementItalian Social RepublicBenito Mussolini

The last German troops retreat from Finland's soil in Lapland, ending the Lapland War. Military acts of Second World War end in Finland.

Lapland War

Korean War: Assaulting Chinese forces are forced to withdraw after heavy fighting with UN forces, primarily made up of Australian and Canadian troops, at the Battle of Kapyong.

Korean WarBattle of Kapyong

Francis Crick and James Watson publish "Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid" describing the double helix structure of DNA.

Francis CrickJames WatsonMolecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic AcidDouble helixDNA