Roman Emperors Diocletian and Maximian appoint Galerius as Caesar to Diocletian, beginning the period of four rulers known as the Tetrarchy.

DiocletianMaximianGaleriusCaesar (title)Tetrarchy

Syracuse, Sicily, is captured by the Muslim Aghlabids after a nine-month siege.

Syracuse, SicilySiege of Syracuse (877-878)Aghlabids

Pope John VIII gives blessings to Branimir of Croatia and to the Croatian people, considered to be international recognition of the Croatian state.

Pope John VIIIBranimir of CroatiaCroatia

Sixteen-year-old Otto III is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

Otto III, Holy Roman EmperorHoly Roman Emperor

Dušan's Code, the constitution of the Serbian Empire, is enacted by Dušan the Mighty.

Dušan's CodeSerbian EmpireDušan the Mighty

Henry III of Castile sends Ruy González de Clavijo as ambassador to Timur to discuss the possibility of an alliance between Timur and Castile against the Ottoman Empire.

Henry III of CastileRuy González de ClavijoTimurid relations with EuropeOttoman Empire

Queen Mary I grants a royal charter to Derby School, as a grammar school for boys in Derby, England.

Mary I of EnglandRoyal charterDerby SchoolDerby

In the Concert of The Hague, the Dutch Republic, the Commonwealth of England and the Kingdom of France set out their views on how the Second Northern War should end.

Concert of The Hague (1659)Dutch RepublicCommonwealth of EnglandKingdom of FranceSecond Northern War

The Battle of Long Sault concludes after five days in which French colonial militia, with their Huron and Algonquin allies, are defeated by the Iroquois Confederacy.

Battle of Long SaultFranceNew FranceMilitiaWyandot people

The nobility elect John Sobieski King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.

SzlachtaJohn III SobieskiLithuania

The Order of St. Alexander Nevsky is instituted in Russia by Empress Catherine I. It would later be discontinued and then reinstated by the Soviet government in 1942 as the Order of Alexander Nevsky.

Order of St. Alexander NevskyCatherine I1942Order of Alexander Nevsky

Ten-year-old Mary Campbell is abducted in Pennsylvania by Lenape during the French and Indian War. She is returned six and a half years later.

Mary Campbell (colonial settler)PennsylvaniaLenapeFrench and Indian War

Mount Unzen, near the city of Shimabara, Nagasaki, on the island of Kyūshū, Japan's southernmost main island, erupts, creating the deadliest Megatsunami that kills 14,524 people, as also a Pyroclastic flow in 1991.

Mount UnzenShimabara, NagasakiKyūshūJapanMegatsunami

The first day of the Battle of Aspern-Essling between the Austrian army led by Archduke Charles and the French army led by Napoleon I of France sees the French attack across the Danube held.

Battle of Aspern-EsslingArchduke Charles, Duke of TeschenNapoleonDanube

Slavery is abolished in Colombia, South America.

SlaveryColombia

Lawrence, Kansas is captured and burned by pro-slavery forces.

Lawrence, KansasSacking of LawrenceSlavery

American Civil War: The Union Army succeeds in closing off the last escape route from Port Hudson, Louisiana, in preparation for the coming siege.

American Civil WarUnion ArmyBattle of Plains StorePort Hudson, LouisianaSiege of Port Hudson

Russia declares an end to the Russo-Circassian War and many Circassians are forced into exile. The day is designated the Circassian Day of Mourning.

Russo-Circassian WarCircassiansCircassian Day of Mourning

American Civil War: The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House ends.

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House

The Ionian Islands reunite with Greece.

Ionian Islands

French troops invade the Paris Commune and engage its residents in street fighting. By the close of "Bloody Week", some 20,000 communards have been killed and 38,000 arrested.

Paris CommuneBloody WeekCommunard

Opening of the first rack railway in Europe, the Rigi-Bahnen on Mount Rigi.

Rack railwayRigi-BahnenMount Rigi

War of the Pacific: Two Chilean ships blocking the harbor of Iquique (then belonging to Peru) battle two Peruvian vessels in the Battle of Iquique.

War of the PacificChileIquiquePeruBattle of Iquique

The American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton in Washington, D.C.

American Red CrossClara Barton

The Manchester Ship Canal in the United Kingdom is officially opened by Queen Victoria, who later knights its designer Sir Edward Leader Williams.

Manchester Ship CanalQueen VictoriaKnightEdward Leader Williams

The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) is founded in Paris.

FIFA

President of Mexico Porfirio Díaz and the revolutionary Francisco Madero sign the Treaty of Ciudad Juárez to put an end to the fighting between the forces of both men, concluding the initial phase of the Mexican Revolution.

President of MexicoPorfirio DíazFrancisco MaderoTreaty of Ciudad JuárezMexican Revolution

The Commonwealth War Graves Commission is established through royal charter to mark, record and maintain the graves and places of commemoration of Commonwealth of Nations military forces.

Commonwealth War Graves CommissionRoyal charterCommonwealth of Nations

The Great Atlanta fire of 1917 causes $5.5 million in damages, destroying some 300 acres including 2,000 homes, businesses and churches, displacing about 10,000 people but leading to only one fatality (due to heart attack).

Great Atlanta fire of 1917

University of Chicago students Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold, Jr. murder 14-year-old Bobby Franks in a "thrill killing".

University of ChicagoLeopold and LoebBobby FranksThrill killing