Battle of Dyrrhachium: Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat by Pompey in Macedonia.

Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC)Julius CaesarPompeyMacedonia (Roman province)

Emperor Hadrian dies of heart failure at Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina.

HadrianHeart failureBaiaeAncient RomeCastel Sant'Angelo

Isshi Incident: Prince Naka-no-Ōe and Fujiwara no Kamatari assassinate Soga no Iruka during a coup d'état at the imperial palace.

Isshi IncidentEmperor TenjiFujiwara no KamatariSoga no IrukaCoup d'état

The Norse King Glúniairn recognises Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, High King of Ireland, and agrees to pay taxes and accept Brehon Law; the event is considered to be the founding of the city of Dublin.

GlúniairnMáel Sechnaill mac DomnaillBrehon LawDublin

King Canute IV of Denmark is killed by rebellious peasants.

Canute IV of Denmark

The most severe of several early fires of London burns most of the city to the ground.

Early fires of London

Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, defeats the king's Lancastrian forces and takes King Henry VI prisoner in the Battle of Northampton.

Richard Neville, 16th Earl of WarwickHouse of LancasterHenry VI of EnglandBattle of Northampton (1460)

The Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returns to Lisbon after discovering the sea route to India as a companion of Vasco da Gama.

Nicolau CoelhoLisbonVasco da Gama

The Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre commences with the capture of Goizueta.

Spanish conquest of Iberian NavarreGoizueta, Navarre

Zhu Chenhao declares the Ming dynasty's Zhengde Emperor a usurper, beginning the Prince of Ning rebellion, and leads his army north in an attempt to capture Nanjing.

Zhu ChenhaoMing dynastyZhengde EmperorPrince of Ning rebellionNanjing

Lady Jane Grey takes the throne of England.

Lady Jane Grey

William I of Orange is assassinated in his home in Delft, Holland, by Balthasar Gérard.

William I of OrangeDelftHollandBalthasar Gérard

English Civil War: The Battle of Langport takes place.

English Civil WarBattle of Langport

American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.

American RevolutionLouis XVI of FranceKingdom of Great Britain

Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River delta.

Alexander Mackenzie (explorer)Mackenzie River

The Vellore Mutiny is the first instance of a mutiny by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company.

Vellore MutinySepoyBritish East India Company

The United States takes possession of its newly bought territory of Florida from Spain.

Florida

U.S. President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.

Andrew JacksonSecond Bank of the United States

U.S. President Millard Fillmore is sworn in, a day after becoming President upon Zachary Taylor's death.

Millard FillmoreZachary Taylor

Gävle, Sweden, is largely destroyed in a fire; 80% of its 10,000 residents are left homeless.

Gävle

The then-villa of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, formally receives its city charter from the Royal Crown of Spain.

VillaMayagüez, Puerto Rico

War of the Pacific: Chile suffers its last military defeat in the Battle of La Concepción when a garrison of 77 men is annihilated by a 1,300-strong Peruvian force, many of them armed with spears.

War of the PacificBattle of La Concepción

Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.

WyomingU.S. state

The temperature in Death Valley, California, hits 134 °F (57 °C), the highest temperature ever to be recorded on Earth.

Death Valley National ParkTemperature extremes

Belfast's Bloody Sunday: Sixteen people are killed and 161 houses destroyed during rioting and gun battles in Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Bloody Sunday (1921)BelfastNorthern Ireland

Meher Baba begins his silence of 44 years. His followers observe Silence Day on this date in commemoration.

Meher BabaSilence Day

Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins of John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher accused of teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act.

Scopes TrialDayton, TennesseeJohn T. ScopesEvolutionButler Act

Kevin O'Higgins TD, Vice-President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State is assassinated by the IRA.

Kevin O'HigginsTeachta DálaIrish Free StateIrish Republican Army

Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91-hour airplane flight around the world.

Howard HughesAirplane

World War II: The Vichy government is established in France.

World War IIVichy France