Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).

WadōkaichinJapanese calendar

Pope Urban IV succeeds Pope Alexander IV as the 182nd pope.

Pope Urban IVPope Alexander IV

Battle of Montecatini: The army of the Republic of Pisa, commanded by Uguccione della Faggiuola, wins a decisive victory against the joint forces of the Kingdom of Naples and the Republic of Florence despite being outnumbered.

Battle of MontecatiniRepublic of PisaUguccione della FaggiuolaKingdom of NaplesRepublic of Florence

Battle of Winchelsea (or Les Espagnols sur Mer): The English naval fleet under King Edward III defeats a Castilian fleet of 40 ships.

Battle of WinchelseaLes Espagnols sur MerKingdom of EnglandNaval fleetEdward III of England

The Treaty of Picquigny ends a brief war between the kingdoms of France and England.

Treaty of PicquignyKingdom of France

Pope Innocent VIII succeeds Pope Sixtus IV.

Pope Innocent VIIIPope Sixtus IV

Vasco da Gama decides to depart Calicut and return to Kingdom of Portugal.

Vasco da GamaKozhikodeKingdom of Portugal

The Ottoman Turks capture Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade).

Ottoman TurksNándorfehérvár

Battle of Mohács: The Ottoman Turks led by Suleiman the Magnificent defeat and kill the last Jagiellonian king of Hungary and Bohemia.

Battle of MohácsOttoman TurksSuleiman the MagnificentJagiellonianKingdom of Hungary

The Ottoman Turks capture Buda, the capital of the Hungarian Kingdom.

Ottoman TurksBudaHungarian Kingdom

The city of Nuuk in Greenland is founded as the fort of Godt-Haab by the royal governor Claus Paarss.

NuukGreenlandList of governors of GreenlandClaus Paarss

Frederick the Great attacks Saxony, beginning the Seven Years' War in Europe.

Frederick the GreatElectorate of SaxonySeven Years' War

The Treaty of Easton establishes the first American Indian reservation, at Indian Mills, New Jersey, for the Lenape.

Treaty of EastonIndian reservationIndian Mills, New JerseyLenape

American Revolutionary War: British and American forces battle indecisively at the Battle of Rhode Island.

American Revolutionary WarBattle of Rhode Island

Shays' Rebellion, an armed uprising of Massachusetts farmers, begins in response to high debt and tax burdens.

Shays' RebellionMassachusetts

British troops under Sir Arthur Wellesley defeat a Danish militia outside Copenhagen in the Battle of Køge.

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of WellingtonCopenhagenBattle of Køge

Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic induction.

Michael FaradayElectromagnetic induction

Treaty of Nanking signing ends the First Opium War.

Treaty of NankingFirst Opium War

American Civil War: The Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries gives Federal forces control of Pamlico Sound.

American Civil WarBattle of Hatteras Inlet BatteriesPamlico Sound

The Mount Washington Cog Railway opens, making it the world's first mountain-climbing rack railway.

Mount Washington Cog RailwayRack railway

Emperor Meiji orders the abolition of the han system and the establishment of prefectures as local centers of administration. (Traditional Japanese date: July 14, 1871).

Emperor MeijiAbolition of the han systemPrefectures of JapanJapanese calendar

Gottlieb Daimler patents the world's first internal combustion motorcycle, the Reitwagen.

Gottlieb DaimlerInternal combustionMotorcycleDaimler Reitwagen

The Goodyear tire company is founded.

Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company

The Slava, the last of the five Borodino-class battleships, is launched.

Russian battleship SlavaBorodino-class battleshipBattleship

The Quebec Bridge collapses during construction, killing 75 workers.

Quebec Bridge

The Japan-Korea Treaty of 1910, also known as the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty, becomes effective, officially starting the period of Japanese rule in Korea.

Japan-Korea Treaty of 1910Korea under Japanese rule

Ishi, considered the last Native American to make contact with European Americans, emerges from the wilderness of northeastern California.

IshiNative Americans in the United StatesCalifornia

World War I: Start of the Battle of St. Quentin in which the French Fifth Army counter-attacked the invading Germans at Saint-Quentin, Aisne.

World War IBattle of St. Quentin (1914)Fifth Army (France)Saint-Quentin, Aisne

US Navy salvage divers raise F-4, the first U.S. submarine sunk in an accident.

USS F-4 (SS-23)Submarine

The United States passes the Philippine Autonomy Act.

Jones Law (Philippines)